CNN – A combination of a lower-calorie Mediterranean diet, exercise and nutritional support kept overweight to severely obese people between the ages of 55 and 75 from progressing to type 2 diabetes, a new study found.
“Our study shows that modest, sustained changes in diet and lifestyle could prevent millions of cases of type 2 diabetes worldwide,” said coauthor Dr. Frank Hu, the Fredrick J. Stare Professor of Nutrition and Epidemiology and chair of the department of nutrition at Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health in Boston.
People who reduced their daily calories on the Mediterranean diet and engaged in moderate daily exercise — while also receiving professional weight loss support — had a 31% lower risk of developing type 2 diabetes than those who only followed the Mediterranean diet, according to the study published Monday in the journal Annals of Internal Medicine.
“I think this 31% reduction is probably a result of the combination of multiple components — improved diet quality, increased physical activity and modest weight loss,” Hu told CNN.
“The intervention group also had significant reduction in body fat percentage, and more important, a reduction in visceral adiposity (belly fat), and a significant improvement in body mass index,” he added.
“The study showed that it’s not just weight loss, but also improvement in body composition may have contributed to the reduction in diabetes risk.”
At first glance, the study results were “boring,” said Christopher Gardner, Rehnborg Farquhar Professor of Medicine at Stanford University in California, who directs the Stanford Prevention Research Center’s Nutrition Studies Research Group. He was not involved in the study.
That’s because it’s well known that if people cut calories, eat a plant-forward diet with good fats and exercise they can prevent type 2 diabetes, Gardner said in an email.
But actuality, the study’s results are “staggeringly stunning,” he said.
“I am accustomed in other similar studies seeing changes at 1 year that slowly diminish — most people are unsuccessful in making these changes, and if they do happen to make them, are unsuccessful at maintaining them” …
